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Essential oil components decrease pulmonary and hepatic cells inflammation induced by air pollution particulate matter

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Abstract

Outdoor air pollution and fine particulate matter (PM) were recently classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The exposure to airborne particulate matter also contributes to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, which are major public health concerns. Up to now, no work has evaluated the ability of essential oils as an alternative medicine to relieve the adverse health effects caused by airborne particulate matter. Here, we investigated for the first time the effects of four essential oil components, trans-anethole, estragole, eugenol and isoeugenol, on the reduction in inflammation induced by particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter below 2.5 μm (PM2.5), in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) and human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. Anethole is a flavor component of anise and fennel, estragole is occurring in basil, eugenol occurs in clove bud oil and isoeugenol occurs in ylang-ylang. Essential oil components were tested either as free or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-encapsulated forms. Control experiments showed that particulate matter (PM2.5) induced inflammation by secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. Our results show that the addition of either free or encapsulated essential oil components to particulate matter exposed cells decreased up to 96 % the cytokine IL-6 level, and by up to 87 % the cytokine IL-8 level. Overall our findings evidence for the first time that natural essential oil components counteract the inflammatory effects of particulate matter and that encapsulation in cyclodextrins preserved their properties.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV, EA 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, ULCO, 59140, Dunkirk, France

    Miriana Kfoury, Mireille Borgie, Anthony Verdin, Frédéric Ledoux, Dominique Courcot & Sophie Fourmentin

  2. Bioactive Molecules Research Group, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon

    Miriana Kfoury & Lizette Auezova

Authors
  1. Miriana Kfoury
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  2. Mireille Borgie
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  3. Anthony Verdin
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  4. Frédéric Ledoux
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  5. Dominique Courcot
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  6. Lizette Auezova
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  7. Sophie Fourmentin
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Correspondence to Sophie Fourmentin.

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Kfoury, M., Borgie, M., Verdin, A. et al. Essential oil components decrease pulmonary and hepatic cells inflammation induced by air pollution particulate matter. Environ Chem Lett 14, 345–351 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-016-0572-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-016-0572-4

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