ReviewIsorhamnetin: A review of pharmacological effects
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open access
Graphical abstract
Abbreviations
NF-κB
nuclear factor-κB
PI3K
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
PKB/
AKT protein kinase B
MAPK
mitogen-activated protein kinases
HO-1
heme oxygenase
Nrf2
nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2
ARE
antioxidant response element
VSMC
vascular smooth muscle cells
ox-LDL
oxidized low density lipoprotein
HDL
high density lipoprotein
VLDL
very low density lipoprotein
LDL
low density lipoprotein
IP3
inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate
NO
netrogen monoxide
FAS
tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 6
FASL
FAS ligand
LDH
lactate dehydrogenase
CFb
cardic fibroblast
AngII
angiotensin II
TGF-β
transforming growth factor-β
Smad
mothers against decapentaplegic
Aβ
amyloid β-protein
AD
Alzheimer’s disease
BDNF
brain-derived neurotrophic factor
VDC
voltage-dependent calcium channel
ROC
receptor-operated calcium channels
GC
guanylate cyclase
GMP
cyclic guanosine monophosphatec
PGI2
prostacyclin 2
ATP
adenosine-triphosphate
COX
cyclooxygenase
ADP
adenosine diphosphate
PAF
platelet activating factor
RBC
red blood cells
GLUT-4
glucose transporter type 4
JAK
Janus kinase
STAT
signal transducer and activator of transcription
PMOP
postmenopausal osteoporosis
RANK
receptor activator of NF-κB
RANKL
RANK ligand
NFATc1
nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1
TRAP
tartrate acid phosphatase
OPG
osteoprotegerin
OC
osteocalcin
ERK
extracellular regulated protein kinases
P38
protein 38
JNK
c-Jun N-terminal kinase
MEK
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase
RAS
rat sarcoma
Bcl-2
B-cell lymphoma-2
Bax
Bcl-2 associated X protein
PANC-1
pancreatic cancer cell line
ATM
ataxia-telangiectasia mutation
CHK2
checkpoint kinase 2
AST
aspartate transaminase
ALT
alanine aminotransfease
ALI
acute lung injury
LPS
lipopolysaccharide
IκBa
inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB
PXR
progestational hormone X receptor
IBD
inflammatory bowel disease
TLR4
Toll-like receptors 4
TNF-α
tumor necrosis factor-α
IL
interleukin
iNOS
inducible nitric oxide synthase
SMA
smooth muscle actin
EMT
epithelial mesenchymal transformation
ERS
endoplasmic reticulum stress
PKCε
protein kinase C ε
IFN-γ
interferon-γ
DPPH
1,1- diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl
ABTS
diammonium 2, 2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate)
RPE
retinal pigment epithelial
HIF-1α
hypoxia inducible factor 1α
GSH
glutathione
MPO
myeloperoxidase
AKI
acute kidney injury
IR
ischemia reperfusion
AMPK
adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase
CAMKK2
recombinant calcium/ calmodulin dependent protein kinase kinase 2
AA
arachidonic acid
HSC
hepatic stellate cells
PAI-1
plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1
PPAR
peroxisome proliferators-activated receptors
ConA
concanavalin A
AFH
acute fulminant hepatitis
APAP
paracetamol
XO
xanthine oxidase
UA
uric acid
MFS
Miaoyao Fanggan sachet
DCs
dendritic cells
BMDCs
bone marrow-derived dendritic cells
CD
costimulatory molecules
CCR7
chemokine receptor 7
Hlα
alpha hemolysin
S. aureus
Staphylococcus aureus
PGE2
prostaglandin E2
HETE
Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
5-HT
5-hydroxytryptamine
SDTNBI
substructure-drug-target network-based inference
MC1R
melanocortin receptor 1
MITF
microphthalmia associated transcription factor
TYR
tyrosinase
TYRP1
tyrosinase-related protein 1
DCT
dopachrome tautomerase
PPARA
peroxisome proliferative activated receptor alpha
PPARD
peroxisome proliferative activated receptor delta
PPARG
peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma
ALOX12
arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase
ALOX15
arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase
CBR1
carbonyl reductase 1
OFI
opuntia ficus-indica
NAFLD
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
UV
ultraviolet
Keywords
Isorhamnetin
Flavonoids
Effect
Mechanism
Therapy
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These authors contributed equally to this work.
© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.